Armature



S. H. SHORT. ARMATURE.

Patented Aug. 10,1897,

obi

Mii/Q (No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SIDNEY H SHORT, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

ARMATURE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Iletters Patent No. 587,871, dated August10, 1897.

Applicatifui filed March 13, 1897. Serial No. 627,418. (No model.)

T0 all whom, t may concern:

Beit known that I, SIDNEY H. SHORT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Armatures; and I dohere by declare the followingto be a full, clear, and eXact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

The object of my invention is to provide an armature for adynamo-electric machine in which an economical and efficient insulationshall be provided at those places where theinductors rest and in whichthe inductors shall be effectively held in place and protected.

The invention consists ofthe combination of parts hereinafter specified,and definitely pointed out in the claims.

The drawings clearly illustrate my invention.

'Figure l is a perspective view of a portion of an armature embodying asmuch of my invention as is installed previous to the winding of thearmature, showing also the plugs P, which are placed after winding. Fig.2 is a radial section of the saine, being taken on the line 2 2 of Fig.l, but showing also the inductors in place and the parts which are addedsubsequent thereto. Fig. 3 is a plan of a portion of the surface of thearmature, near the commutator end thereof; and Fig. t is a transversesection on the line 4 4- of Fig. 2.

Referring to the parts by letters, A represents the core, composed ofthe usual laminations a and embraced by the end rings B and B', whichsurround the armature-shaft. The laminations are formed with teeth a',leavingnotches dgbetween them,which,when the core is built up, form longslots ai, in which lie the inductors K. The inductors K extend from acommutator-lead across they core in one slot and then turn and pass backthrough another slot to another commutatorlead. These inductors areformed of insulated wire or ribbons; but in order to insure against thearmature becoming short-circuited it is necessary to provide additionalinsulation between the inductors and the core A and end rings B and` B'.

The end ring B is formed with the outwardlyexteiiclilig flange l),having in its outer periphery a concave annular recess b, in which theinductors K as they bend back from one slot to pass into another areintended to lie in the finished machine. To the surface b, forming therecess ZJ, I secure the insulating covering O by gluing paper or othersuitable material in layers to said surface.

The end ring B' has a flange b2 projecting from it, and from this iiangeextends the additional flange b3, formed of stiff insulating material,which reaches to and engages with the comn'iutator-leads. The externalsurface ZJ of these two flanges is shaped so as to form a concaveannular recess, and this surface is insulated by covering it with layersof paper or other suitable insulating material.

' In order to properly protect the inductors in the slots a3, I formtroughs D, of insulating material, which are placed in the slots. Thesetroughs I prefer to make of paper, linen, and mica cemented together byvarnish. rlhe sides of these troughs extend up flush with the top of theslots, while their ends d project beyond the core at each end. Theperipheral surface'of the end rings B and B is cylindrical for a shortdistance from the core, as shown at b5. These surfaces when covered bythe insulation O C are flush with the bot toms of the slots as.Therefore the bottom of the trough as it overhangs will be in contactwith these insulating-coverings O C/ and will be supported by saidcylindrical surfaces b5. The amount of projection of the trough beyondthe core is equal to the width of the cylindrical surface b5. Thus theinsulatingsurface in the recess upon which the windings lie becomes acontinuation of the bottom of the trough, and the inductors areeffectively prevented from having even their insulating-windings contactwith the core at its corners or at other points. The point where theinductors begin to bend after leaving the core thus takes place at thecorner of the trough instead of the corner of the core, and thusdisastrous wearing of the inductor-insulation is avoided.

Referring to Fig. l, it will be seen that at the ends of the teeth ofthe armature core or laminations and between the projecting ends of theinsulation-troughs D there is a space IOO bounded by the laminations onone side and by the sides of the trough extensions on two sides and onthe bottom bythe insulated covering over the cylindrical portion of thearmature-head if, one end and one side boing left bare. This space isfilled after the armature is wound by a plug P, of insulating material,which will just iit the space dcscribed. This plug is usually made ofhard wood, and it supports the extensions of the insulation-troughsbeyond the slot, and, inally, after the armature is completed the bandsG3, hereinafter referred to, pass over the outer ends of these plugs andkeep them in place.

The slots in which the inductors lie across the core are deeper than isnecessary to accommodate the windings, and thus a space is lett abovethe latter. After the windings K, which extend from the commutator-leadsII across the surface of the insulation C,through the insulating-troughs D, and over the s urt'ace of the insulation C, are in place a stripE, of wood, or fiber, or other insulating material which is mechanicallystrong, is placed in the space outside of the inductors in the slots.This strip fits tightly between the upper edges of the insulating-troughD and securely holds the inductors in place in the trough.

As the armature revolves centrifugal force tends to displace theinductors at either end of the core, and it is necessary to bind them inplace. This accomplish as follows: A pad of insulation F, made,preferably, of the same material as the trough, is placed over theinductors in the recesses beyond the core and is iirmly held in place bybinding-wires G, thoroughly soldered together with softsolder. It isdesirable to put one or more binding-wires around the face of thearmature-core, as shown at G', in order to insure the retention of thestrips E in the slots. Those strips render any additional insulationbeneath this binding-wire unnecessary, however. This binding-wire issoldered together in the same manner as the wires G and is ofsmallfenough diameter so that there is plenty ot' room for it in theair-gap.

In order to protect the windings at either end of the core from dust,moisture, 5cc., l surround them with a shield J, made, preferably, ofcanvas. A strip of canvas. of sufficient length to reach around theperiphery of an end ring and of a width somewhat greater than the amountof projection of the inductors beyond the cores is first provided. Oneedge of one of these canvas sheets is irmly secured to the outer end ofthe end ring B by means of the binding-wire G2, which binds the saidedge in the groove b, provided on the outer cylindrical face of the endring. After this edge is secured in place the canvas is doubled back onitself, as shown, and its outer edge is secured to the core at itscorner by binding-wires, as shown at The other canvas sheet is similarlysecured at the other end of the armature, but in this case the outerbinding-wires Gr'L surround the severi armature-imluctors then'lsolves.It will be noticed that the binding-wires G l serve to bind theinductors and the plugs l) in place as well as the canvas. The turns ofeach wire are thoroughly bound together with soft solder. (Shown in Fig.2, but omitted in Fig. 3 for convenience ot illustration.)

The binding-wire G* being back of the end of the commutator-leads, asshown in Figs. 2 and 3, radial spaces I are lett between the outer endsof the leads and therefore any dirt which may tend to lodge between thecommutator-leads or may be thrown out Afrom the central vportion of thearmature by centrifugal i'orce will not be held by the binding-wire G4,but will fly ont of the spaces l.

Having thus described my invention,` I claiml. In an armature, thecombination, with a slotted core, of an end ring at each end et' thecore having peripheries adapted to support the armature-inductors beyondthe core, insulating-covcring surrounding said peripheries andprotecting the ind uctors from them, and troughs ol' insulating materialin the coroslots, said troughs projecting beyond the core, for thepurpose specified.

2. n an armature, the combination of a core having slots extendingacross its surface, an end ring having a peripheral recess adapted tosupport the inductors beyond the core, an insulati11g-coveringsurrounding said periphery, inductors in the core-slots, and extendingonto said insulating covering, means for binding said inductors ontosaid covering, a protecting-shield bound at one edge at or near to theouteredge of the armature and at the other edge around the armature-corewhereby the same binding servos to hold the inductors in the coro andthe shield in place, -for the purpose specified.

5. in an armature, the slotted core A and the end rings B and B', cachof said end rings having the cylindrical portion b5 and a recessedsurface extending beyond said portion, insulating material covering saidcylindrical portion and recessed surface, the top of the insulatingmaterial around the cylindrical portion being substantially on alinewith the bottom of the core-slots whereby abend ol' the inductors at theedge of the core is prevented, fer the purpose specified.

et. In an armature, the slotted core A and the end rings B and B', eachof said end rings having the cylindrical portion U' and the surface b4extending beyond said portion, insulating material covering saidcylindrical portion and surface b4, the top of the insulating materialaround the cylindrical portion being substantially on a line with thebottom of the core-slot, insulating material in the core-slotsprojecting beyond the core and thus overlapping the covering on the saidcylindrical portions of the end rings, 'for the purpose specified.4

5. in an armature, the combination of a coro, and an end' ring having aflange of in- IOO IIO

sulating material extending to the commutator-leads, a covering of'insulating material surrounding the periphery of the end ring,arinature-inductors crossing the core and held on said insulatingmaterial by a binding insulated from them, and a shield bound around theinductors inside of the end of the conimutator-leads whereby theinductors are protected from dust from the outside, and spaces are leftbetween the ends of the commutatorleads for the escape of dirt 'from theinside of the armature, for the purpose specified.

G. In an armature, the combination of the laminated core having theslots a3, the end rings B B having the cylindrical parts l): next to thecore, and the concave annular surfaces 1) b4 outside of said cylindricalparts, insulating-coverings for said surfaces and parts, and the troughsof insulating` material lying in said slots and extending beyond thesame, the projecting ends being supported upon said cylindrical parts,substantially as speciiied.'

7. In an armature, the combination of the laminated core having theslots a3, an end plate B', and an annular flange b3 of insulatingmaterial secured to said end ring and projecting laterally therefrom,with the armature-inductors, and the commutator-leads, which Contactwith the edge of said flange b3 and are secured to the inductors,substantially as specified.

8. In an armature, the combination of the laminated core having theslots a3, and two end plates, one having an annular fiange b which iscurved outwardly, its diameter being substantially the same as thediameter of the laminations, substantially as specified.

9. ln an armature, the combination of the laminated core having theslots a3, and two end plates, one having an annular flange l) which iscurved outwardly, its diameter being substantially the same as thediameter of the laminations, the outer periphery of this flan ge havingan annular groove Z2, substantially as specified.

l0. ln an armature, the combination of a laminated armature havinggrooves as, and end plates, with troughs of insulating material in saidgrooves and extended beyond the ends thereof, and plugs placed betweenthe projecting ends of said troughs, substantially as specied.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SIDNEY H. SHORT.

`Witnesses: y

E, L. THUns'roN, ALBERT H. BATES.

